1. Formation: Roscosmos, officially known as the State Corporation for Space Activities “Roscosmos,” was established on February 25, 1992, succeeding the Soviet space program.
2. Leadership: As of my last update, Dmitry Rogozin was the Director General of Roscosmos. The leadership of the agency can change over time.
3. Space Launches: Roscosmos is responsible for launching spacecraft, satellites, and cosmonauts into space. It operates launch vehicles such as the Soyuz, Proton, and newer developments like the Angara.
4. International Cooperation: Roscosmos collaborates with various space agencies worldwide, including NASA, ESA, CNSA (China), and ISRO (India), for joint missions, space station activities, and research projects.
5. International Space Station (ISS): Russia is a key partner in the ISS program, providing modules, crew transportation, and scientific contributions to the station. Russian cosmonauts have been an integral part of ISS missions.
6. Lunar and Planetary Exploration: Roscosmos has a history of lunar exploration through its Luna program. While there haven’t been recent manned moon missions, Russia has expressed interest in future lunar exploration.
7. Mars Exploration: Roscosmos has launched Mars missions, including orbiters and landers. The most recent Mars mission was the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, a collaborative effort with ESA.
8. Spacecraft Development: The agency is involved in the development of various spacecraft, including crewed spacecraft like Soyuz and the future Federation spacecraft, as well as scientific probes and satellites.
9. Launch Facilities: Roscosmos operates launch facilities across Russia, including the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia’s Far East, and the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northern Russia.
10. Budget: Roscosmos is funded by the Russian government. The agency’s budget can vary from year to year based on national priorities.

Soviet Union’s Luna Program: Mission Facts